Concrete has low price, high compressive strength, low maintenance cost, wide material, and can be poured into various shapes. Besides, it has good fire resistance and is not easy to weather. It has become the most widely used building material in today's world building structure. However, concrete has a big disadvantage - poor tensile properties, so the components usually work with cracks. The appearance of cracks will destroy the integrity of the structure, reduce the strength of the components, and affect the bearing capacity of the structure.
In general, the causes of cracks in road concrete are as follows.
Common cracks are caused by loads: the cracks generated by the members subjected to loads can be divided into direct stress cracks and secondary stress cracks. The direct stress cracks refer to the cracks generated by the direct stress caused by the external load. When the calculated model is greatly different from the actual working state, the secondary stress is inevitably generated under the external load, and the crack generated by the secondary stress is called the secondary stress crack.
There is also a shrinkage crack: when the concrete is hardened, the external concrete can evaporate water to the atmosphere, and the inner concrete can only dissipate water to the surrounding areas, and the bleeding rate is lower than the evaporation rate, so the surface shrinks fast and the internal shrinks slowly. The surface shrinkage is constrained by the internal concrete, resulting in a large tensile stress, which is the cracking of the surface concrete, resulting in shrinkage cracks.
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